Associate Professor Helen Roberts

2024

Journal - Research Article

Stainback, K., Roberts, H., & Biswas, P. K. (2024). Women's representation in managerial hierarchies: An examination of trickle-down and pipeline effects. Human Resource Management. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1002/hrm.22220

Mayapada, A. G., Biswas, P. K., & Roberts, H. (2024). Financial reporting timeliness and its determinants in UK charities. Advances in Accounting, 65, 100733. doi: 10.1016/j.adiac.2024.100733

Samarawickrama, D., Biswas, P. K., & Roberts, H. (2024). Mandatory CSR regulations and social disclosure: The mediating role of the CSR committee. Meditari Accountancy Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1108/MEDAR-03-2023-1950

Mayapada, A. G., Biswas, P. K., & Roberts, H. (2024). Economic consequences of new accounting standards in UK charities. Accounting & Finance, 64(3), 2251-2278. doi: 10.1111/acfi.13216

Huang, J., Roberts, H., & Tan, E. K. M. (2024). Media uncertainty and risk-taking. International Review of Financial Analysis, 91, 102930. doi: 10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102930

Nguyen, D. T. T., Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Le, M. (2024). The impact of natural disasters on bank performance and the moderating role of financial integration. Applied Economics, 56(8), 918-940. doi: 10.1080/00036846.2023.2174931

2023

Journal - Research Article

Li, M., & Roberts, H. (2023). Zero leverage and dividend policy. Finance Research Letters, 104430. doi: 10.1016/j.frl.2023.104430

Noviarini, J., Coleman, A., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2023). Financial literacy and retirees' resource allocation decisions in New Zealand. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1016/j.pacfin.2023.101985

Talpur, S., Nadeem, M., & Roberts, H. (2023). Corporate social responsibility decoupling: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Journal of Applied Accounting Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1108/JAAR-08-2022-0223

Sattar, M., Biswas, P. K., & Roberts, H. (2023). Private firm performance: Do women directors matter? Meditari Accountancy Research, 31(3), 602-634. doi: 10.1108/MEDAR-03-2021-1233

Biswas, P. K., Chapple, L., Roberts, H., & Stainback, K. (2023). Board gender diversity and women in senior management. Journal of Business Ethics, 182, 177-198. doi: 10.1007/s10551-021-04979-x

2022

Journal - Research Article

Sattar, M., Biswas, P. K., & Roberts, H. (2022). Board gender diversity and firm risk in UK private firms. Global Finance Journal, 54, 100766. doi: 10.1016/j.gfj.2022.100766

McCarten, M., Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Tan, E. K. M. (2022). Political connections, tacit power, and corporate misconduct. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 49, 1530-1552. doi: 10.1111/jbfa.12603

Nguyen, D. T. T., Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Le, M. (2022). The non-monotonic relationship between financial integration and cost efficiency: Evidence from East Asian commercial banks. International Review of Economics & Finance, 80, 418-438. doi: 10.1016/j.iref.2022.02.078

Gebremariam, H., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. (2022). Microfinance institutions' risk and governance in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Social Economics, 49(3), 449-469. doi: 10.1108/IJSE-10-2020-0719

Regasa, D., Fielding, D., & Roberts, H. (2022). Ethnicity, banking and local economic development: Evidence from Ethiopia. Journal of African Economies, 31(5), 409-440. doi: 10.1093/jae/ejab028

Biswas, P. K., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2022). Female directors and CSR disclosure in Bangladesh: The role of family affiliation. Meditari Accountancy Research, 30(1), 163-192. doi: 10.1108/MEDAR-10-2019-0587

Huang, J., Roberts, H., & Tan, E. K. M. (2022). The media and CEO dominance. International Review of Finance, 22, 5-35. doi: 10.1111/irfi.12338

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Palmer, J., Roberts, H., Poulton, R., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2022, August). Inequality in Aotearoa. Panel discussion at the University of Otago Winter Symposium Series, [Online].

Sattar, M., Biswas, P. K., & Roberts, H. (2022, April). The effect of board gender diversity on UK private firm capital structure. Verbal presentation at the Financial Markets & Corporate Governance (FMCG) Conference, [Hybrid].

2021

Journal - Research Article

Onishchenko, O., Zhao, J., Kuruppuarachchi, D., & Roberts, H. (2021). Intraday time-series momentum and investor trading behavior. Journal of Behavioral & Experimental Finance, 31, 100557. doi: 10.1016/j.jbef.2021.100557

Noviarini, J., Coleman, A., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2021). Financial literacy, debt, risk tolerance and retirement preparedness: Evidence from New Zealand. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 68, 101598. doi: 10.1016/j.pacfin.2021.101598

Biswas, P. K., Roberts, H., & Stainback, K. (2021). Does women's board representation affect non‐managerial gender inequality? Human Resource Management, 60, 659-680. doi: 10.1002/hrm.22066

Diaz-Rainey, I., Gehricke, S. A., Roberts, H., & Zhang, R. (2021). Trump vs. Paris: The impact of climate policy on U.S. listed oil and gas firm returns and volatility. International Review of Financial Analysis, 76, 101746. doi: 10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101746

Adler, R., Roberts, H., Crombie, N., & Dixon, K. (2021). Determinants of accounting students’ undergraduate learning satisfaction. Accounting & Finance, 61, 5231-5254. doi: 10.1111/acfi.12756

Nguyen, D. T. T., Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Le, M. (2021). Loans from my neighbours: East Asian commercial banks, financial integration, and bank default risk. International Review of Financial Analysis, 74, 101659. doi: 10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101659

Regasa, D., Fielding, D., & Roberts, H. (2021). Contestable credit markets and household welfare: Panel data evidence from Ethiopia. Journal of Development Studies, 57(3), 484-501. doi: 10.1080/00220388.2020.1826447

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Sattar, M., Biswas, P. K., & Roberts, H. (2021). Board gender diversity and firm risk in UK private firms. Proceedings of the 10th Annual New Zealand Finance Meeting (NZFM). Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland Centre for Financial Research. Retrieved from https://acfr.aut.ac.nz

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Onishchenko, O., Zhao, J., Kuruppuarachchi, D., & Roberts, H. (2021, July). Who drives intraday time-series momentum? Verbal presentation at the Accounting & Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand (AFAANZ) Conference, [Online].

2020

Chapter in Book - Research

Nguyen, D. T. T., Diaz-Rainey, I., & Roberts, H. (2020). The impact of banking integration on East Asian commercial banks. In J. Beirne & D. G. Fernandez (Eds.), Macroeconomic stabilization in the digital age. (pp. 141-172). Tokyo, Japan: Asian Development Bank Institute.

Journal - Research Article

Lont, D. H., Ranasinghe, D., & Roberts, H. (2020). Non-GAAP disclosures and CEO pay levels. International Journal of Accounting, 55(4). doi: 10.1142/S109440602050016X

Richards, D. W., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2020). Female financial advisors: Where art thou? Australian Journal of Management, 45(4), 624-644. doi: 10.1177/0312896219896389

Regasa, D., Fielding, D., & Roberts, H. (2020). Sources of financing and firm growth: Evidence from Ethiopia. Journal of African Economies, 29(1), 26-45. doi: 10.1093/jae/ejz012

Anderson, W., Bhattacharyya, N., Morrill, C., & Roberts, H. (2020). Dividend payout and executive compensation: Theory and evidence from New Zealand. Accounting & Finance, 60, 1007-1022. doi: 10.1111/acfi.12399

Working Paper; Discussion Paper; Technical Report

Nguyen, D. T. T., Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Le, M. (2020). Loans from my neighbors: East Asian commercial banks, banking integration, and bank default risk [ADBI Working Paper Series No. 1113]. Tokyo, Japan: Asian Development Bank Institute. 30p. Retrieved from https://www.adb.org/publications/loans-east-asian-commercial-banks-banking-integration-bank-default-risk

2019

Journal - Research Article

Brown, K., Connelly, S., Lovelock, B., Mainvil, L., Mather, D., Roberts, H., Skeaff, S., & Shephard, K. (2019). Do we teach our students to share and to care? Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 24(4), 462-481. doi: 10.1080/13596748.2019.1654693

Noviarini, J., Coleman, A., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2019). Housing liquidation and financial adequacy of retirees in New Zealand. Housing Studies, 34(9), 1543-1580. doi: 10.1080/02673037.2019.1585522

Biswas, P. K., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2019). The impact of family vs non-family governance contingencies on CSR reporting in Bangladesh. Management Decision, 57(10), 2758-2781. doi: 10.1108/MD-11-2017-1072

Kuruppuarachchi, D., Premachandra, I. M., & Roberts, H. (2019). A novel market efficiency index for energy futures and their term structure risk premiums. Energy Economics, 77, 23-33. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2018.09.010

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Richards, D., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. (2019). Female financial advisers: Where art thou? Proceedings of the Accounting & Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand (AFAANZ) Annual Conference. Retrieved from http://www.afaanzconference.com

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Diaz-Rainey, I., Gehricke, S., Roberts, H., & Zhang, R. (2019). Trump vs. Paris: The impact of climate policy and climate risk on US listed oil and gas firm valuation. Proceedings of the 13th Otago Energy Research Centre (OERC) and Otago Climate Change Network (OCCNET) Energy & Climate Change Symposium. (pp. 11). Retrieved from https://www.otago.ac.nz/oerc

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Noviarini, J., Roberts, H., Coleman, A., & Whiting, R. (2019, December). Financial literacy and decision-making among older New Zealanders: Evidence from 1000Minds survey. Verbal presentation at the 27th Colloquium on Pensions and Retirement Research, Sydney, Australia.

2018

Journal - Research Article

Li, M., & Roberts, H. (2018). CEO board membership: Implications for firm value. Pacific Accounting Review, 30(3), 352-370. doi: 10.1108/PAR-05-2017-0037

Tadele, H., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2018). Transparency and microfinance institutions' risk in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Corporate Governance, 9(2), 201-226. doi: 10.1504/IJCG.2018.091277

Li, M., & Roberts, H. (2018). Does mandated independence improve firm performance? Evidence from New Zealand. Pacific Accounting Review, 30(1), 92-109. doi: 10.1108/PAR-01-2017-0004

Tadele, H., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2018). Microfinance institutions’ transparency in Sub-Saharan Africa. Applied Economics, 50(14), 1601-1616. doi: 10.1080/00036846.2017.1368993

Tadele, H., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2018). Microfinance institutions' website accessibility. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 50, 279-293. doi: 10.1016/j.pacfin.2016.10.003

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Huang, J., Roberts, H., & Tan, E. K. M. (2018). Media tone and CEO human capital. Proceedings of the 8th Annual New Zealand Finance Meeting (NZFM). Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland Centre for Financial Research. Retrieved from https://acfr.aut.ac.nz

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Shephard, K., Roberts, H., & Skeaff, S. (2018). Do we teach our students to care and share? [Panel discussion]. Proceedings of the Higher Education Development Centre (HEDC) Symposium: Celebrating Higher Education. (pp. 3). Retrieved from https://www.otago.ac.nz/hedc

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Diaz-Rainey, I., Le, M., Roberts, H., & Nguyen, D. T. T. (2018, April). The non-monotonic relationship between financial integration and cost efficiency: Evidence from Asian commercial banks. Verbal presentation at the 9th Conference on Financial Markets and Corporate Governance (FMCG), Melbourne, Australia.

Noviarini, J., Coleman, A., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. (2018, July). A dynamic approach to the role of housing liquidation options in optimal consumption among retirees. Verbal presentation at the 26th Colloquium on Pensions and Retirement Research, Sydney, Australia.

2017

Chapter in Book - Research

Roberts, H., & Li, M. (2017). Corporate governance in New Zealand. In A. N. Kostyuk, U. Braendle & V. Capizzi (Eds.), Corporate governance: New challenges and opportunities. (pp. 103-110). Sumy, Ukraine: Virtus.

Journal - Research Article

Roberts, H., Diaz-Rainey, I., & Genc, M. (2017). Educational performance, ‘clicker’ engagement and ethnicity: Evidence from Finance 101. Journal of Financial Education, 43(2), 201-222.

Li, M., & Roberts, H. (2017). Director and CEO pay reciprocity and CEO board membership. Journal of Economics & Business, 91, 54-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jeconbus.2017.10.002

Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Lont, D. H. (2017). Crude inventory accounting and speculation in the physical oil market. Energy Economics, 66, 508-522. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2017.03.029

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Noviarini, J., Roberts, H., Coleman, A., & Whiting, R. H. (2017). Financial adequacy in retirement: The role of asset liquidity in New Zealand. Proceedings of the 25th Annual Colloquium of Superannuation Researchers Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR). Retrieved from https://www.cepar.edu.au/news-events/events/25th-colloquium-superannuation-researchers

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Lont, D. H., Ranasinghe, D., & Roberts, H. (2017). CEO compensation and non-GAAP disclosures. Proceedings of the 8th Financial Markets and Corporate Governance (FMCG) Conference. Retrieved from https://www.victoria.ac.nz/sacl

Biswas, P. K., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2017). CSR reporting in Bangladesh: The introduction of Corporate Governance Guidelines. Proceedings of the 8th Financial Markets and Corporate Governance (FMCG) Conference. Retrieved from https://www.victoria.ac.nz/sacl

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Whiting, R., Biswas, P., & Roberts, H. (2017, June). Family ties, female directors and CSR reporting in Bangladesh. Verbal presentation at the Journal of Accounting Auditing and Finance (JAAF) Conference, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Ranasinghe, D., Lont, D., & Roberts, H. (2017, June). CEO compensation and non-GAAP disclosures. Verbal presentation at the Journal of Accounting Auditing and Finance (JAAF) Conference, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Roberts, H., Biswas, P. K., & Whiting, R. (2017, June). CSR reporting in Bangladesh: The introduction of corporate governance guidelines. Verbal presentation at the Journal of Accounting Auditing and Finance (JAAF) Conference, Dunedin, New Zealand.

McCarten, M., Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Tan, E. (2017, June). Political lobbying and securities class actions. Verbal presentation at the Journal of Accounting Auditing and Finance (JAAF) Conference, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Working Paper; Discussion Paper; Technical Report

Regasa, D., Fielding, D., & Roberts, H. (2017). Access to financing and firm growth: Evidence from Ethiopia [Economics Discussion Papers No. 1707]. Dunedin, New Zealand: University of Otago. 29p. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/7267

2016

Journal - Research Article

Srivastava, S., Lin, H., Premachandra, I. M., & Roberts, H. (2016). Global risk spillover and the predictability of sovereign CDS spread: International evidence. International Review of Economics & Finance, 41, 371-390. doi: 10.1016/j.iref.2015.10.047

Journal - Professional & Other Non-Research Articles

Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Lont, D. (2016). Can accounting inventory data shed light on physical oil market speculation? IAEE Energy Forum, (Bergen Spec. Iss.), 23-24.

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

McCarten, M., Diaz-Rainey, I., & Roberts, H. (2016). Lobbying and securities class actions pre- and post-SOX. Proceedings of the New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2016/schedule/

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Adler, R., Crombie, N., Dixon, K., & Roberts, H. (2016). Lecturing proficiency and effectiveness of New Zealand accounting and finance academics. Proceedings of the Mid-Atlantic Region Meeting of the American Accounting Association. Retrieved from http://aaahq.org/Meetings/2016/Mid-Atlantic-Region

Diaz-Rainey, I., Roberts, H., & Lont, D. (2016). Crude inventory accounting and speculation in the physical oil market [Extended abstract]. Proceedings of the 39th International Association for Energy Economics (IAEE) Conference. Retrieved from http://www.iaee2016nhh.no/

Working Paper; Discussion Paper; Technical Report

Gebremariam, H., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. (2016). MFI website accessibility. Social Science Research Network. 34p. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2725609

2015

Journal - Research Article

Tajaddini, R., Crack, T. F., & Roberts, H. (2015). Price and earnings momentum, transaction costs, and an innovative practitioner technique. International Review of Finance, 15(4), 555-597. doi: 10.1111/irfi.12065

Crack, T. F., & Roberts, H. (2015). Credit cards, excess debt, and the time value of money: The parable of the debt banana. Journal of Financial Education, 41(1), 117-137.

Low, D. C. M., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2015). Board gender diversity and firm performance: Empirical evidence from Hong Kong, South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 35, 381-401. doi: 10.1016/j.pacfin.2015.02.008

Crack, T. F., & Roberts, H. (2015). Credit card balances and repayment under competing minimum payment regimes. Review of Quantitative Finance & Accounting, 45(4), 785-801. doi: 10.1007/s11156-014-0455-3

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Roberts, H., & Diaz-Rainey, I. (2015). Educational performance, ‘clicker’ engagement and ethnicity: Evidence from Finance 101. Proceedings of the New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2015/colloquium/

Borthwick, A., & Roberts, H. (2015). The effect of NZX 2003 regulated corporate governance. Proceedings of the New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2015/colloquium/

Li, M., & Roberts, H. (2015). CEO board membership: Evidence from NZ data. Proceedings of the New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2015/colloquium/

Rahmaniani, M., Zhang, J. E., & Roberts, H. (2015). Modeling the dynamics of correlations among international equity volatility indices. Proceedings of the New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2015/colloquium/

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Diaz-Rainey, I., Lont, D., & Roberts, H. (2015). Crude inventory accounting and speculation in the physical oil market. Proceedings of the Otago Energy Research Centre (OERC) Symposium. (pp. 16). Retrieved from http://www.otago.ac.nz/oerc/

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Roberts, H. M., & McKnight, S. (2015, September). Managerial incentives, risk aversion and corporate policy decisions. Verbal presentation at the International Finance and Banking Society (IFABS) Corporate Finance Conference: Institutions, Governance and Finance in Globally Connected Environment, Oxford, UK.

2014

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Low, D. C. M., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2014). Board diversity and firm performance: Empirical evidence from Hong Kong, South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore. Proceedings of the 5th Financial Markets and Corporate Governance Conference (FMCGC). Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract=2364225

Other Research Output

Whiting, R., & Roberts, H. (2014, March). Board diversity and firm performance: Empirical evidence from Hong Kong, South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore. Department of Accountancy and Finance Seminar, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Department Seminar].

2013

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Struthers, S., & Roberts, H. (2013). Director effectiveness and firm performance before and after the adoption of the NZX corporate governance best practice code. Proceedings of the New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2013/programme/

Crack, T. F., & Roberts, H. (2013). Credit cards, excess debt, and the time value of money: The parable of the debt banana. Proceedings of the New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2013/programme/

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Lin, H., Premachandra, I., Roberts, H., & Srivastava, S. (2013, July). Global risk spillover and the predictability of sovereign credit default swap spread: International evidence. Verbal presentation at the Global Financial Stability and Prosperity Conference: Systemic Risk: Liquidity Risk, Governance and Financial Stability, Sydney, Australia.

2012

Journal - Research Article

Boyle, G., & Roberts, H. (2012). CEO presence on the compensation committee: A puzzle. Journal of Economics & Business, 70, 16-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jeconbus.2012.08.002

2011

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Roberts, H., & Tompkins, N. E. (2011). Agency theory, corporate governance, and dividend payout in New Zealand. Proceedings of the 15th New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2011/programme.html

2010

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Darby, Z., & Roberts, H. (2010). The effectiveness of board ownership structures in New Zealand. Proceedings of the 14th New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2010/programme.html

2009

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Boyle, G., & Roberts, H. (2009). Go along to get along? Pay-performance sensitivity and CEO membership of the compensation committee. Proceedings of the 13th New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2009/programme.html

2007

Awarded Doctoral Degree

Roberts, H. (2007). Executive compensation in New Zealand: 1997–2002 (PhD). University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. 294p.

2006

Journal - Research Article

Boyle, G., Clyne, S., & Roberts, H. (2006). Valuing employee stock options: Implications for the implementation of NZ IFRS 2⁺. Pacific Accounting Review, 18(1), 3-20.

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Boyle, G., Clyne, S., & Roberts, H. (2006). How much do employee stock options really cost? Proceedings of the 10th Annual New Zealand Finance Colloquium. Retrieved from http://www.nzfc.ac.nz/archives/2006/Schedule_HelpDesk.htm

2005

Working Paper; Discussion Paper; Technical Report

Roberts, H. (2005). Growth in CEO compensation and firm performance do CEOs gain at the expense of shareholders? Evidence for New Zealand firms 1997-2002. University of Otago, Dunedin: Department of Finance and Quantitative Analysis. 29p.

Roberts, H. (2005). An investigation of the pay-performance sensitivity for New Zealand firms 1997-2002. University of Otago, Dunedin: Department of Finance and Quantitative Analysis. 31p.

Roberts, H. (2005). CEO compensation in New Zealand: A descriptive analysis of CEO pay levels 1997-2002. University of Otago, Dunedin: Department of Finance and Quantitative Analysis. 44p.

Roberts, H. (2005). A review of CEO compensation research theory, evidence and future direction. University of Otago, Dunedin: Department of Finance and Quantitative Analysis. 30p.