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Study Philosophy at Otago

    Critical thinking for a complex world.

    There is no limit to the issues to which philosophers apply their reason: from knowledge (Are scientific claims certain?), to language (What is meaning?), from ethical and social problems (How should we run the country?), to metaphysical issues (Is the future less real than the past?).

    The skills and knowledge you gain from studying philosophy will make you a better student in other subjects; they will also be invaluable in a wide variety of occupations because philosophy focuses less on what you believe, and more on the quality of your reasons for believing it.

    By examining the reasons for the claims we make, philosophy develops your powers of argument, analysis, and critical reasoning. It will help you to express yourself more clearly and give you the abilities required to address complex and difficult problems.

    Why study Philosophy?

    Philosophy provides a toolkit to critically engage with difficult and important questions. It seems that some actions are right and others are wrong, but it's difficult to explain if this is because one produces better outcomes or the other respects humanity. It seems that some scientific claims are almost certainly true, but a crucial element of the success of science is its willingness to revise its claims in light of new evidence. It seems that there is little more to our brains than complex neural networks, but how do these networks generate intense feelings?

    Discussing these abstract problems develops the philosophical tools necessary to deal with practical problems, such as whether an unpopular theory should be accepted, or to what extent we can appeal to common sense when arguing about a radical claim. In grappling with these issues, philosophers seek to build a well-grounded picture of the world and of human life. The key skill for a philosopher is the ability to construct and dissect arguments – a central part of all philosophy is training in clear and effective reasoning.

    Career opportunities

    Some of our students go on to successful careers as professional philosophers, but for most of our students, it's not about getting a career in philosophy, it's about getting some philosophy into their careers.

    Many surveys of salary by degree only look at salary after a few years of graduation, which can be misleading. A survey of 1.2 million degree holders by PayScale, Inc., cited in the Wall Street  Journal, shows that Philosophy majors increase their starting salary by 103.5% after 10 years, an equal best with mathematics among all majors. The overall mid career salary for a philosophy major at the 75th percentile is 127,000 U.S. dollars, 9th among all 50 majors  surveyed.

    Philosophy gives you a unique mix of analytical and literary skills that are highly sought after by employers whether you are pursuing a career in academia or elsewhere.

    A recent destinations survey showed that our graduates live in cities across the world such as Vienna, London, Frankfurt, Vancouver, Berlin, Singapore, New Orleans, and all over New Zealand and Australia. See the placements of some of our recent students.

    Philosophers find work in a huge variety of careers, including:

    • Acting
    • Computing
    • Diplomacy
    • Dispute resolution
    • Documentary film making
    • E-commerce
    • Economics
    • Journalism
    • Law
    • Medicine
    • Nature conservation
    • Politics
    • Publishing
    • Science
    • Social services
    • Software Design
    • Sport
    • Systems analysis
    • Teaching

    Philosophy at Otago

    The Philosophy programme at Otago has an outstanding reputation for research, in a country known internationally for its strength in philosophy. Our research specialisations include metaphysics, epistemology, ethical theory, philosophy of science, philosophical logic, early modern philosophy, philosophy of artificial intelligence, and the philosophy of language and mind.

    The Philosophy programme has a friendly and open atmosphere in which staff and postgraduate students regularly socialise. We are an active community – a steady stream of visitors from across New Zealand and from overseas attend our weekly seminar programme, providing students with the opportunity to meet and attend seminars given by a wide range of leading philosophers. Our undergraduate Philosophy Club meets monthly for pizza and philosophical discussion.

    What do students who've taken Philosophy say?

    “The most interesting thing I've learned about in my life. Wish someone had told me about it when I first got to Uni.”

    “My Philosophy degree gave me an edge over other [job] applicants. It also served me well as a social worker and an English teacher before becoming a lawyer.”

    “My Philosophy degree allows me to look at the world in a meaningful way and provides me the tools to make sense of complex situations.”

    “Critical thinking skills are very marketable in my profession. My Philosophy degree is a point of reference that evidences those skills, and has helped me differentiate my application from other graduates.”

    Studying Philosophy

    Philosophy can be studied either as a major or a minor in a Bachelor of Arts (BA). Some Philosophy papers can be taken as Science subjects and Critical Thinking (PHIL 105) may be taken as part of a Humanities, Science, or Commerce course. Many students choose to add Philosophy to their skill set by doing a double major or double degree such as BA/ LLB, BA/BSc or BA/BCom. Philosophy forms part of the interdisciplinary PPE (Philosophy, Politics and Economics) Arts major. It also may be taken as part of the Bachelor of Arts and Science (BASc), which provides the competitive advantage of a double degree in arts and science in a shorter time frame.

    Recommended background

    No previous acquaintance with philosophy is needed to take any of our 100-level papers, or many of our 200-level papers.

    Choose a study option

    Whether you're embarking on your academic journey with our comprehensive undergraduate programmes or aiming to reach new heights through our advanced postgraduate offerings, Otago is here to support your aspirations.

    Undergraduate qualifications

    For new and current students studying towards a Bachelor's or other first degree. Explore undergraduate qualifications at Otago, designed to build a strong foundation in your chosen field, preparing you for a successful career or further study.

    Note: this subject can also be studied as a minor.

    Ready to apply?

    Take the first step towards your future in this subject.

    Further study opportunities

    Whether you are looking to bridge your undergraduate studies to advanced knowledge or aiming to specialise in a specific field, Otago offers a range of graduate and postgraduate options to suit your aspirations.

    Programme details

    Compare programmes for this subject as a major and minor (where available).

    LevelPapersPoints
    100-level Two 100-level PHIL papers 36
    200-level Two 200-level PHIL papers 36
    One further PHIL paper at 200-level or above 18
    One of GEND 201 Introduction to Feminist Theory, POLS 202 Theories of Justice, or PSYC 204 Justice, Race and Class, may be substituted for one 200-level PHIL paper  
    300-level Four 300-level PHIL papers (or three 300-level PHIL papers and one 400-level PHIL paper) 72
    One of BITC 301 Bioethics: Healthcare Issues and Global Perspectives, CLAS 340 Love, Death and the Good Life: Socrates and Plato, POLS 301 Power and Liberty, or POLS 307 Nature, Conflict, and the State, may be substituted for one 300-level PHIL paper  
    Plus 198 further points; must include 54 points at 200-level or above. 198
    Up to 90 points may be taken from outside Arts  
    Total 360

    A minor subject can be included in many of our undergraduate degrees. To earn a minor, you typically must complete a minimum of 90 points in that subject, with at least 18 points at the 300-level.

    Your minor can be a subject more commonly taken for a different degree. For example, a BCom majoring in Marketing can include Japanese as a minor subject. To include this subject as a minor in your application, first find a major subject through our Subject Search or Study Match.

    You can check what’s required to receive the minor accreditation in the programme details below.

    Available as a minor subject for a Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Music (MusB), Bachelor of Performing Arts (BPA), Bachelor of Theology (BTheol), Bachelor of Science (BSc), Bachelor of Commerce (BCom), Bachelor of Entrepreneurship (BEntr), Bachelor of Health Science (BHealSc), Bachelor of Arts and Commerce (BACom), Bachelor of Arts and Science (BASc) or Bachelor of Commerce and Science (BComSc) degree

    LevelPapersPoints
    100-levelTwo 100-level PHIL papers

    36

    200-level

    Two 200-level PHIL papers

    36

    300-level

    One 300-level PHIL paper

    18
    Total 90

    Papers

    View a list of all related papers below.

    PHIL papers

    Paper Code Year Title Points Teaching period
    PHIL101 2025 Mind and Reality 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL103 2025 Ethical Issues 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL105 2025 Critical Thinking 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL106 2025 Radical Philosophy 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL206 2025 Revolutionary Philosophy 18 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL222 2025 Introduction to Formal Logic 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL223 2025 Metaphysical Questions 18 points Not offered in 2025, expected to be offered in 2026
    PHIL225 2025 Philosophy of Science 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL227 2025 Morality and Politics: Hobbes to Hume 18 points Not offered in 2025, expected to be offered in 2026
    PHIL228 2025 Ethics 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL229 2025 Reason, Belief and the Sacred 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL231 2025 Early Modern Philosophy A: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz 18 points Not offered in 2025, expected to be offered in 2026
    PHIL232 2025 Early Modern Philosophy B: Locke, Berkeley, Hume 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL233 2025 Philosophy of Mind and Language 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL234 2025 Are there moral facts? 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL235 2025 Environmental Philosophy 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL236 2025 An Introduction to the Philosophy of Language 18 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL240 2025 Epistemology: The Theory of Knowledge 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL306 2025 Revolutionary Philosophy (Advanced) 18 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL312 2025 Advanced Formal Logic 18 points Not offered in 2025, expected to be offered in 2026
    PHIL315 2025 Are There Moral Facts? 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL323 2025 Metaphysical Questions 18 points Not offered in 2025, expected to be offered in 2026
    PHIL325 2025 Philosophy of Science (Advanced) 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL327 2025 Morals and Politics: Hobbes to Hume (Advanced) 18 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL329 2025 Reason, Belief and the Sacred 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL331 2025 Early Modern Philosophy A: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz 18 points Not offered in 2025, expected to be offered in 2026
    PHIL332 2025 Early Modern Philosophy B: Locke, Berkeley, Hume 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL333 2025 Philosophy of Mind and Language 18 points Semester 1
    PHIL335 2025 Why Be Moral? 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL336 2025 An Introduction to the Philosophy of Language (Advanced) 18 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL338 2025 Ethical Theory 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL340 2025 Epistemology: The Theory of Knowledge (Advanced) 18 points Semester 2
    PHIL401 2025 Advanced History of Philosophy 30 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL406 2025 Why Be Moral? 30 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL413 2025 Ethical Theory 30 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL414 2025 No-Ought-From-Is and the Slavery of Reason 30 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL415 2025 Meaning and Metaphysics 30 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL417 2025 Advanced Issues in Foundational Philosophy 30 points Semester 1
    PHIL418 2025 Advanced Problems in Applied Philosophy 30 points Semester 2
    PHIL451 2025 Special Topic 30 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL458 2025 Special Topic 30 points Not offered in 2025
    PHIL480 2025 Research Essay 30 points Semester 1, Semester 2
    PHIL490 2025 Dissertation 60 points Full Year, 1st Non standard period (14 July 2025 - 12 June 2026)
    PHIL590 2025 Research Dissertation 60 points 1st Non standard period (28 February 2025 - 20 February 2026), 2nd Non standard period (11 July 2025 - 3 July 2026)

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